Book Description

• the plight of impoverished mothers and their children
• a comparison of the poverty of disadvantaged African Americans and poor white Americans
• health disadvantages of the poor
• the effects of poverty on school systems and the quality of education students receive
• the factors of age, race, and ethnicity that can lead to poverty
• a refutation of the notion of genetic inferiority of the poor
  
  Poverty is often the cause of other social ills such as delinquency, which can destroy the social fabric of neighborhoods and limit opportunities to escape impoverished situations. The Web of Poverty will help you accurately see poverty as part of this “big picture.” It contains material from the fields of sociology, developmental psychology, family studies, economics, delinquency, ethnic studies, health, and behavior genetics. This amalgamation gives you a thorough psychosocial perspective.

• Acknowledgments
• Introduction
• Origins of This Volume
• Volume Contents
• Intended Audiences
• Poverty in the United States and Canada
• Across the World
• Poverty in North America
• Canada and the United States
• The Extent of Poverty
• Other Aspects of Poverty
• The Gap Between Rich and Poor
• Mobility Out of and Back into Poverty
• The Reduction of Rural Poverty
• Conclusion
• Systemic Causes of Poverty
• Globalization of the Economy
• Evolving Structure of the Economy
• Relative Loss of Manufacturing Jobs
• Expansion of the Service Sector
• Increase in Part-Time Employment
• Increase in Low-Paying Jobs
• Increase in Two-Wage-Earner Families
• Higher Educational Requirements
• Job Relocation
• Emphasis on Financial Profit
• Unemployment
• National Debt
• Low Social Assistance Programs
• Low-Skilled Immigrants
• Conclusion
• Personal Causes of Poverty
• Single Parenting
• Single Parenting and Poverty
• Divorced Single Parenting
• Never-Married Parenting
• Effects on Children
• Poverty in the Family of Origin
• School Dropout and Lack of Education
• Additional Factors: Delinquency and Ill Health
• Conclusion
• Urban Neighborhoods in Poverty
• The Canadian Exception
• The Development of High-Poverty Neighborhoods
• Depletion of Neighborhood Resources
• Poor Neighborhoods and Negative Socialization of Children
• Poor Neighborhoods as Risk Factors for Children
• Homelessness
• The Nonpoor in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
• Conclusion
• Schools and Education in Poor Districts
• Schools in Impoverished Neighborhoods
• Quality of School Personnel and Disadvantaged Families
• Disadvantaged Students and Schools
• Family Routine and Organization
• Parental Resources and Involvement in Schooling
• Low-Income Minority Students
• Involuntary and Voluntary Minorities
• Conclusion
• Disadvantaged Families
• Family Size
• Adolescent Single Parenting
• The Situation
• Consequences for Offspring
• Types of Single Adolescent Mothers
• Single Fathers: The Real Problem?
• Family Conflict and Spousal Abuse
• Child Abuse
• Child Neglect
• Abuse of Parents by Children
• Parenting Skills and Poverty
• Parental Dilemmas
• Conclusion
• Women, Children, and the Elderly
• Women
• Mothers in Poverty
• Their Burden
• The Matter of “Proper” Childrearing Practices
• Mothers as Victims
• Children
• The Extent of Child Poverty
• Consequences of Poverty for Children
• Negative Child Outcomes
• Homeless Children
• The Elderly
• Elderly Women
• Conclusion
• Visible Minorities, Discrimination, and Segregation
• Recent Roots of Inequalities
• Racial and Ethnic Inequalities and Poverty
• Segregation
• Work Discrimination
• Health Differentials
• Reduced Life Expectancy
• Conclusion
• Health and Illness Differentials
• Health and Socioeconomic Status
• Life Expectancy
• The Differentials
• Myths About Life Expectancy
• Explanation for Differentials
• Illness-Related Problems
• Psychiatric Problems
• Cognitive Problems
• Is More Medical Care the Solution?
• Conclusion
• Poverty and Delinquency
• Aspects of Delinquency
• Personal Pathways to Delinquency
• Causes of Delinquency
• Poverty and Delinquency
• Poverty and Social Control
• Poverty and Segregated Minorities
• Poverty and Dysfunctional Opportunity Structure
• Poverty and the Media
• Conclusion
• Poverty Undermines Genetic Potential
• Genetics and Child Outcomes
• Outline of Behavior Genetics Principles
• Genotype-Environment Correlations
• Genetically Influenced Chains of Events
• Environmentally Influenced Chains of Events
• Environmental Rather Than Personal Deficits
• Poverty Creates Inferiority
• The Absurdity of African-American Inferiority
• Conclusion
• Conclusions, Implications, and Critiques
• A Subculture of Poverty?
• Ethnic Cultures and Subcultures of Poverty
• A New Meritocracy
• Social Pathologies
• A Subculture of Wealth: The “Overclass”
• Reducing the Concentration of Neighborhood Poverty
• The Global Perspective
• Glossary
• Reference Notes
• Bibliography
• Author Index
• Subject Index